Urhwebo phakathi kwe-Indiya ne-China lufikelele kwi-125.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2021, okokuqala urhwebo lwamazwe amabini luwele uphawu lwe-100 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ngokwedatha ekhutshwe yi-China General Administration of Customs ngoJanuwari.Ukusa kumlinganiselo othile, oku kubonisa ukuba iChina-India intsebenziswano kwezoqoqosho kunye norhwebo lonwabela isiseko esiluqilima kunye namandla amakhulu ophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.
Ngo-2000, urhwebo lwamazwe amabini lwafikelela nje iibhiliyoni ezi-2.9 zeerandi.Ngokukhula okukhawulezayo koqoqosho lwase-China ne-Indiya kunye nokuhambelana olomeleleyo kwezakhiwo zabo zemizi-mveliso, umthamo worhwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabini ulondoloze intsingiselo yokukhula ngokubanzi kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo.I-Indiya yimarike enkulu enabemi abangaphezu kwe-1.3 yeebhiliyoni.Uphuhliso loqoqosho lukhuthaze ukuphucuka okuqhubekayo kwinqanaba lokusetyenziswa, ngakumbi imfuno ephezulu yokusetyenziswa kwezigidi ezingama-300 ukuya kuma-600 ezigidi zodidi oluphakathi.Nangona kunjalo, ishishini lemveliso laseIndiya lisemva, lithatha kuphela i-15% yoqoqosho lwelizwe.Rhoqo ngonyaka, kufuneka ingenise inani elikhulu leempahla ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike yasekhaya.
I-China lelona lizwe likhulu lemveliso elinawona macandelo apheleleyo emizi-mveliso.Kwiimarike zaseIndiya, i-China inokubonelela ngeemveliso ezininzi ezinokuthi zinikezelwe ngamazwe aphuhlileyo, kodwa ngamaxabiso aphantsi;I-China inokubonelela ngempahla amazwe aphuhlileyo angenako.Ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi wengeniso yabathengi baseIndiya, umgangatho kunye neempahla zaseTshayina ezingabizi kakhulu zikhuphisana ngakumbi.Nakwimpahla eveliswe ekhaya eIndiya, iimpahla zaseTshayina zinenzuzo ephezulu kakhulu yokusebenza kweendleko.Ngaphandle kwempembelelo yezinto ezingezizo ezoqoqosho, ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eIndiya evela eTshayina kuye kwagcina ukukhula olomeleleyo njengoko abathengi baseIndiya besalandela ubukhulu becala ingqiqo yezoqoqosho xa bethenga iimpahla.
Ngokwembono yemveliso, ayingomashishini aseIndiya kuphela adinga ukungenisa isixa esikhulu sezixhobo, itekhnoloji kunye namacandelo avela eTshayina, kodwa namashishini angaphandle atyala imali eIndiya akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwenkxaso yeshishini laseTshayina.Ishishini lamachiza enziwe afana nalawo enziwe ngabenzi enziwe afana nalawo enziwe ngabenzi elizwe lase-Indiya elaziwayo lithenga kumazwe angaphandle uninzi lwezixhobo zalo zoxubo-mayeza kunye ne-70 yepesenti ye-apis yalo evela e-China.Iinkampani ezininzi zangaphandle zakhalaza malunga nezithintelo zaseIndiya zokungeniswa kwelizwe laseTshayina emva kokuqhambuka komda ngo-2020.
Ingabonwa ukuba i-Indiya inemfuno engqongqo yeemveliso “zenziwe e-China” ekusetyenzisweni nasekuveliseni, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kumazwe angaphandle ukuya e-India kube phezulu kakhulu kunokuthengwa kwe-Indiya.I-Indiya ibinyusa intsilelo yorhwebo kunye ne-China njengomba kwaye ithathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukungeniswa kweTshayina.Ngapha koko, i-Indiya kufuneka ijonge urhwebo lwase-China-India ngokwembono yokuba ngaba iyanceda abathengi baseIndiya kunye noqoqosho lwaseIndiya, kunokuba isuke kwingcinga yokuba "intsalela ithetha inzuzo kwaye intsilelo ithetha ilahleko".
UModi ucebise ukuba i-GDP yaseIndiya inyuke ukusuka kwi-2.7 yeetriliyoni zeedola ukuya kwi-8.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2030, isusa iJapan njengoqoqosho lwesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni.Ngeli xesha, amaziko amaninzi ezizwe ngezizwe aqikelela ukuba i-GDP yase-China iya kufikelela kwi-30 yetriliyoni zeedola zase-US ngo-2030, ukodlula i-US ukuba ibe lelona qoqosho likhulu kwihlabathi.Oku kubonisa ukuba kusekho amandla amakhulu kwintsebenziswano yezoqoqosho nezorhwebo kwixesha elizayo phakathi kweTshayina neIndiya.Logama nje intsebenziswano yobuhlobo igcinwa, impumelelo efanayo inokufumaneka.
Okokuqala, ukufezekisa amabhongo ayo ezoqoqosho, i-Indiya kufuneka iphucule iziseko zayo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, engakwaziyo ukuzenza ngemithombo yayo, kwaye iTshayina inomthamo omkhulu weziseko zophuhliso wehlabathi.Ukusebenzisana neTshayina kunokunceda iIndiya iphucule iziseko zayo ngexesha elifutshane nangexabiso eliphantsi.Okwesibini, i-Indiya idinga ukutsala utyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle kunye nokudluliselwa kwamashishini kwinqanaba elikhulu ukuphuhlisa icandelo lemveliso.Nangona kunjalo, i-China ijongene nokuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso, kwaye amashishini aphakathi kunye nesiphelo esisezantsi e-China, nokuba ngamashishini angaphandle okanye aseTshayina, kunokwenzeka ukuba afudukele eIndiya.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Indiya imisele imiqobo kutyalo-mali lwaseTshayina ngenxa yezizathu zopolitiko, yanqanda ukuthatha inxaxheba kweenkampani zaseTshayina kulwakhiwo lweziseko zophuhliso eIndiya kwaye yathintela ukutshintshwa kokwenziwa kwemveliso ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kumashishini aseIndiya.Ngenxa yoko, amandla amakhulu entsebenziswano yezoqoqosho kunye ne-India kwezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo kusekude ukuba isetyenziswe.Urhwebo phakathi kweTshayina neIndiya lukhule ngokuthe chu kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo, kodwa ngesantya esicothayo kuneso phakathi kweTshayina kunye namaqabane amakhulu orhwebo engingqi afana neJapan, uMzantsi Korea, Umbutho weZizwe eziMazantsi-mpuma eAsia kunye neOstreliya.
Ukuthetha ngokuzithoba, i-China ayithembeli kuphuhliso lwayo kuphela, kodwa kunye nophuhliso lwe-Asiya ngokubanzi.Siyavuya ukubona iIndiya iphuhlisa kwaye iphelisa ubuhlwempu.I-China iye yaxela ukuba la mazwe mabini anokuzibandakanya ngokusebenzayo kwintsebenziswano yezoqoqosho nangona kukho iingxabano.Nangona kunjalo, i-Indiya igxininisa ukuba ayizukwazi ukwenza intsebenziswano enzulu kwezoqoqosho de kusonjululwe iingxabano phakathi kwala mazwe mabini.
I-China lelona qabane likhulu lokurhweba laseIndiya kwimpahla, ngelixa iIndiya ikwindawo ye-10 phakathi kwamaqabane amakhulu eTshayina.Uqoqosho lwaseTshayina luphindwe kahlanu kunolwaseIndiya.Uqoqosho lwaseTshayina lubaluleke kakhulu eIndiya kunoqoqosho lwaseIndiya eTshayina.Okwangoku, utshintshiselwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nommandla woshishino kunye nohlengahlengiso lwekhonkco loshishino lithuba laseIndiya.Ithuba eliphosiweyo liyingozi kakhulu eIndiya kunelahleko ethile yezoqoqosho.Ngapha koko, iIndiya iphose amathuba amaninzi.