Amanani okungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle asanda kukhutshwa ngo-2021 abonisa “isivuno esikhulu” esinqabileyo sorhwebo lwehlabathi, kodwa kusaza kubonakala ukuba iminyaka elungileyo iya kuphindwa na kulo nyaka.
Ngokwedatha ekhutshwe yiOfisi yeNkcazo yeNkcazo yaseJamani ngoLwesibini, iimpahla zaseJamani ezingeniswa ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngo-2021 kuqikelelwa kwi-1.2 yetriliyoni yee-euro kunye ne-1.4 yetriliyoni yee-euro ngokulandelelanayo, inyuke nge-17.1% kunye ne-14% ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo, zombini zidlula i-COVID-19. amanqanaba kunye nokubetha irekhodi eliphezulu, kwaye liphezulu kakhulu kunolindelo lwemarike.
E-Asiya, umthamo wokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-China ugqithe kwi-6 yetriliyoni zeedola okokuqala ngo-2021. Kwiminyaka esibhozo emva kokufikelela kwi-US $4 yetriliyoni okokuqala ngo-2013, umthamo wokungenisa nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-China wafikelela kuthi kwiitriliyoni ezi-5 kunye ne-US $ 6 yetriliyoni ngokulandelelanayo, yafikelela kwimbali. phezulu.Kwi-TERMS ye-RMB, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuya kunyuka ngeepesenti ze-21.2 kunye ne-21.5 yeepesenti ngonyaka-ngonyaka ngokulandelanayo ngo-2021, zombini ezo ziya kubona ukukhula okuphezulu okungaphezulu kweepesenti ze-20 xa kuthelekiswa no-2019.
Ukuthunyelwa kwe-South Korea ngo-2021 kuma kwi-644.5 yezigidigidi zeedola, i-25,8 yeepesenti ngonyaka kunye ne-39.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola eziphezulu kunerekhodi langaphambili le-604.9 yeedola ze-dollar ngo-2018. Ukuthengiswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwafikelela kwi-1.26 yezigidigidi zeedola, kwakhona irekhodi eliphezulu.Kokokuqala ukusukela ngo-2000 ukuba izinto ezili-15 eziphambili ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, kubandakanywa ii-semiconductors, iikhemikhali zepetroli kunye neemoto, zirekhode ukukhula okuphindwe kabini.
Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweJapan kwenyuka nge-21.5% ngonyaka-ngonyaka ngo-2021, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla eChina kunyuke kakhulu.Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe nako kukhule kwiminyaka eli-11 ephezulu kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kunyuke phantse ngama-30 ekhulwini kunonyaka ongaphambili.
Ukukhula okukhawulezileyo korhwebo lwezizwe ngezizwe ikakhulu kubangelwe kukuchacha okuzinzileyo koqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nemfuno ekhulayo.Uqoqosho oluphambili luye lwachacha ngamandla kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2021, kodwa luye lwehla ngokubanzi emva kwekota yesithathu, ngamazinga okukhula ahlukeneyo.Kodwa xa lilonke, uqoqosho lwehlabathi lwalusenyuka.I-World Bank ilindele ukuba uqoqosho lwehlabathi lukhule ngeepesenti ezi-5.5 ngowama-2021.
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kuye kwakhuthazwa kukunyuka okubanzi kwamaxabiso eemveliso ezifana ne-oyile ekrwada, isinyithi kunye neenkozo.Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari, i-Luvoort/Core commodity CRB index inyuke nge-46% ngonyaka, olona lwando lukhulu ukusukela ngo-1995, amajelo angaphandle axela.Kwizinto eziphambili ze-22, ezisithoba zinyuke ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-50 ngonyaka, kunye nekofu ye-91 yeepesenti, i-cotton 58 yeepesenti kunye ne-53 yeepesenti.
Kodwa abahlalutyi bathi ukukhula korhwebo lwehlabathi kungenzeka ukuba buthathaka kulo nyaka.
Okwangoku, uqoqosho lwehlabathi lujongene nemingcipheko emininzi ephantsi, kubandakanya ukusasazeka kwe-COVID-19, ukunyuka kwengcinezelo yelizwe kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu embi, okuthetha ukuba ukubuyiswa korhwebo kukwinqanaba elixengaxengayo.Kutshanje, inani lemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye namaziko, kubandakanya iBhanki yeHlabathi, i-IMF kunye ne-OECD, baluthobile uqikelelo lwabo lokukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi ngo-2022.
Ukomelela kwekhonkco lonikezelo olubuthathaka kukwangumqobo ekubuyiseni urhwebo.UZhang Yuyan, umlawuli weZiko lezoQoqosho lweHlabathi kunye nePolitiki yeZiko laseTshayina leSayensi yeNtlalo, ukholelwa ukuba kumashishini, ukungavisisani kwezorhwebo phakathi koqoqosho oluphambili kunye nokukhubazeka okukufutshane kwenkqubo yorhwebo yamazwe amaninzi, imozulu rhoqo kunye neentlekele zendalo, kunye nokuhlaselwa rhoqo kwi-cyber. bandise amathuba okuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lonikezelo kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo.
Uzinzo lwekhonkco lonikezelo lubalulekile kurhwebo lwehlabathi.Ngokwezibalo zeWorld Trade Organisation (WTO), ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela kunye nezinye izinto, umthamo worhwebo lwehlabathi kwimpahla wehlile kwikota yesithathu yonyaka ophelileyo.Ukuphindwa kwemisitho yalo nyaka “yedada elimnyama”, eliphazamise okanye liphazamise amakhonkco onikezelo, iya kuba lutsalo olungenakuthintelwa kurhwebo lwehlabathi.